IRMAA calculator: your Medicare income surcharge
Your filing status and your income from two years ago decide whether you pay more than the standard Part B and Part D premiums. Here's the surcharge for your numbers, and what to do if your income has since dropped.
IRMAA is the extra amount higher-income people pay for Medicare Part B and Part D. For 2026 it starts when modified adjusted gross income on your 2024 tax return was above the first threshold for single or joint filers. Enter your filing status and that income to see your monthly Part B premium, the amount added to your Part D premium and the yearly total. If your income has dropped because of retirement or another life-changing event, you can ask Social Security to use a more recent year with form SSA-44.
2026 brackets
| Single filer MAGI | Married filing jointly MAGI | Part B premium per month | Added to Part D premium |
|---|---|---|---|
| Up to $109,000 | Up to $218,000 | $202.90 | $0 |
| $109,001 – $137,000 | $218,001 – $274,000 | $284.10 | + $14.50 |
| $137,001 – $171,000 | $274,001 – $342,000 | $405.80 | + $37.50 |
| $171,001 – $205,000 | $342,001 – $410,000 | $527.50 | + $60.40 |
| $205,001 – $499,999 | $410,001 – $749,999 | $649.20 | + $83.30 |
| $500,000 and above | $750,000 and above | $689.90 | + $91.00 |
Married filing separately uses its own two-bracket schedule. A couple in the first surcharge bracket pays about $2,300 a year more than the standard premiums between them; at the top, nearly $14,000.
What would you pay in 2026?
Enter the modified adjusted gross income from your 2024 federal return (AGI plus tax-exempt interest). Nothing is stored or sent.
- Part B premium
- —per month
- Added to Part D
- —per month
- Over the standard premium
- —for the year, per person
Married filing separately uses its own two-step schedule not shown here. If your income has dropped since 2024 because of retirement or another life-changing event, form SSA-44 (above) can get the surcharge reduced. Figures from the CMS 2026 premium notice; this is an estimate, not a determination.
If your income has dropped
The two-year lag is what catches people: the year you retire, your premium can still be based on a full year of salary. If a life-changing event lowered your income, such as stopping work, divorce or the death of a spouse, Social Security can use a more recent year instead. You ask on form SSA-44 with proof of the event. IRMAA explained walks through the appeal, and New York State retirees should also see the Empire Plan guide, since NYSHIP reimburses Part B IRMAA on application.
Planning a Roth conversion, a large IRA withdrawal or the sale of a property? Each counts as income two years later. I look at income, claiming dates and premiums together; there's no fee.
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Common questions
Short answers to what people ask before they call.
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Which year's income does IRMAA use?
The tax return from two years earlier: 2026 premiums use your 2024 modified adjusted gross income, which is adjusted gross income plus tax-exempt interest.
My income dropped when I retired. Do I still pay IRMAA?
You can ask Social Security to use a more recent year's income if a life-changing event lowered it, such as stopping work, reduced work hours, marriage, divorce, death of a spouse or loss of a pension. The request is made on form SSA-44 with proof of the event.
Does IRMAA apply to Medicare Advantage?
Yes. The Part B surcharge applies whether you have Original Medicare or a Medicare Advantage plan, and the Part D surcharge applies to drug coverage in either a stand-alone Part D plan or an Advantage plan.
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